Strategi Pengembangan Perikanan Cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) dengan Pancing Tonda di Kabupaten Wakatobi Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara

Abstrak

ABSTRACT Skipjack Tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is a large pelagic fish that has been utilized by fishermen in Wakatobi Regency using troll line fishing gear. Skipjack fisheries have the potential to be developed, but requires a certain strategy so that it can still guarantee the sustainability of resources and the welfare of fishermen. The aim of the research is to elaborate skipjack tuna fisheries development strategy with troll line at wakatobi regency based on biological, technical, social and economic aspects. The method used is a survey method with several analyses namely Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY), Total Allowable Catch (TAC), and Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT) analysis. The results of the research revealed that MSY value of 2.253.863 kg/year with utilization rate of underfishing to fully exploited and TAC value of 2.028.477 kg/year. The use of troll line in catching skipjack is quite selective, but fishing ground are increasingly remote. Technically, the scale of skipjack fishing bussiness in Wakatobi district is still traditional. Based on social economis aspects, skipjack tuna fisheries are considered good because it cause no conflict and are economically viable. Alternative strategies for developing skipjack tuna fisheries in wakatobi regency are: (1) optimization of the skipjack tuna resources exploitation by using troll line, (2) quality improvement of fishing units, (3) development of capture fisheries facilities, and (4) management diversification of fisheries activities. Keywords: Skipjack Tuna, Troll Line, Development Strategy, Wakatobi ABSTRAK Ikan cakalang (Katsuwonus pelamis) merupakan jenis ikan pelagis besar yang telah dimanfaatkan oleh nelayan di Kabupaten Wakatobi dengan menggunakan alat tangkap pancing tonda. Perikanan cakalang potensial untuk dikembangkan, namun perlu strategi tertentu sehingga tetap menjamin keberlanjutan sumber daya dan kesejahteraan nelayan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengkaji strategi pengembangan perikanan cakalang dengan alat tangkap pancing tonda di Kabupaten Wakatobi berdasarkan aspek biologi, teknis, sosial, dan ekonomi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei. Analisis data terdiri atas Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY), Total Allowable Catch (TAC), dan Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat (SWOT). Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa nilai MSY 2.253.863 kg/tahun dengan tingkat pemanfaatan underfishing to fully exploited dengan nilai TAC yaitu 2.028.477 kg/tahun. Penggunaan pancing tonda dalam penangkapan ikan cakalang tergolong selektif, namun daerah penangkapan semakin jauh. Secara teknis, skala usaha perikanan cakalang di Kabupaten Wakatobi masih tradisional. Berdasarkan aspek sosial ekonomi, perikanan cakalang dinilai baik karena tidak menimbulkan konflik dan layak secara ekonomi. Alternatif strategi dalam pengembangan perikanan cakalang di Kabupaten Wakatobi, yaitu: (1) optimalisasi pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan cakalang dengan pancing tonda; (2) peningkatan kualitas unit penangkapan; (3) pengembangan sarana dan prasarana perikanan tangkap; dan (4) diversifikasi manajemen usaha perikanan cakalang. Kata Kunci: Ikan Cakalang, Pancing Tonda, Strategi pengembangan, Wakatobi