Article
Socio-Technical Transformation in Indonesian Agribusiness: A Cultural Framework for the Digital Era
ELITE : Journal of English Language and Literature, Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026), hlm. 11–24
Abstrak
The Indonesian palm oil industry, a cornerstone of the national economy, is at a critical juncture, facing the dual pressures of technological disruption from digitalization and Artificial Intelligence (AI), and a significant demographic shift in its workforce. This socio-technical transformation necessitates a new corporate cultural framework to ensure sustainable growth and high performance. This paper conducts a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology to synthesize existing research on the cultural, technological, and generational dynamics within the industry. The review of 80 peer-reviewed articles and industry reports reveals that while Agriculture 4.0 technologies can increase productivity by over 26% and operational efficiency by 25-50%, their implementation is fraught with challenges. These include a clash between the expectations of the digitally native younger generation and the hierarchical, remote nature of plantation work, and an aging workforce where over 21% of agricultural workers are aged 60 or above. The main findings indicate that effective leadership, particularly a hybrid of transformational and servant styles, and organizational commitment driven by career development are critical for navigating this change. The major conclusion is the proposal of a new cultural model, termed the "Digital Gotong Royong" framework, which integrates technological adoption with Indonesia's communal values. This framework is built on three pillars: bicultural leadership, commitment through reciprocal investment, and generational integration via a "phygital" (physical-digital) workplace, offering a strategic pathway for palm oil companies to anticipate future workforce needs and enhance corporate performance.