The Impact of Syllable Count on Memory Capacity: Testing the Phonological Loop in Visual Word Memorization

Abstrak

In learning contexts, information is often presented visually; however, its processing still involves phonological mechanisms such as the phonological loop, a subsystem of working memory responsible for the temporary storage and rehearsal of verbal information. Despite this, there remains uncertainty regarding how effectively this mechanism operates, particularly in relation to word length effects and inconsistencies in previous findings. This study aims to examine the effects of syllable length, word list presentation order, and memorization strategies on short-term memory performance in a visual-verbal context. A total of 61 psychology students participated and were assigned to two groups based on presentation order (short–long and long–short). The results showed a significant difference between recall scores for short and long words (p = .002), with short words being better remembered. This finding supports the existence of the word length effect in short-term memory. In contrast, no significant differences were found based on presentation order or memorization strategies (rehearsal, imagery, and association), although rehearsal was the most frequently used strategy. Overall, these findings highlight the role of the phonological loop in the temporary storage of verbal information.

Kata kunci

• daya ingat jangka pendek
• memory strategies
• phonological loop
• short-term memory
• strategi menghafal
• word length effect
• working memory