Article
Aksesibilitas, Ketersediaan Tenaga Kerja, dan Ketersediaan Fasilitas Pemanfaatan Pelayanan Kesehatan Puskesmas di Wilayah Pesisir: Literature Review
Jurnal Kendari Kesehatan Masyarakat, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2025), hlm. 136–152
Abstrak
Healthcare service utilization in coastal areas remains suboptimal despite the physical presence of public health centers (Puskesmas). The low utilization is largely attributed to geographical barriers, limited availability of healthcare personnel, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure. Communities residing in remote coastal or island regions often face significant obstacles in reaching health facilities, such as poor transportation infrastructure, long distances, and seasonal weather disruptions—ultimately leading to underutilization of formal health services. This literature review aims to identify and synthesize findings from previous studies that examine the impact of accessibility, health workforce availability, and infrastructure readiness on the utilization of primary healthcare services, particularly in coastal settings. The review analyzed 10 peer-reviewed scientific articles published between 2020 and 2025, sourced from Google Scholar and national journal databases. The data were analyzed using descriptive and thematic approaches.The results indicate that geographic accessibility is the most influential factor determining the public’s use of healthcare services, followed by the uneven distribution of medical personnel and inadequacies in health facility infrastructure. These findings align with Andersen’s Behavioral Model of Health Services Use, which classifies accessibility as a critical enabling factor. Moreover, the review highlights the urgent need for policy interventions aimed at improving infrastructure, redistributing health workers based on regional needs, and expanding service coverage through mobile or sea-based healthcare delivery systems.