Korelasi Number of Blades dengan Output Power dan Unjuk Kerja Turbin Archimedes Screw Single Pitch

Abstrak

The performance of an Archimedes screw turbine is influenced by several key parameters, including the turbine inclination angle, pitch, and number of blades. This study investigates the effect of blade number on turbine performance in a pico-hydro power generation system. Two blade configurations 12 and 20 blades were tested with a blade shaft inclination α = 35°, and five variations of water discharge. Each discharge condition was examined using electrical loads ranging from 200 to 4000 W, while power, torque, and efficiency were evaluated as the main performance indicators.The results show that the number of blades significantly affects turbine output. The 20 blades configuration with a pitch of 120 mm demonstrated superior performance compared to the 12-blade configuration. At a discharge of 0.04471 m³/s, the turbine generated a maximum power of 80.5 W with a torque of 3.36 Nm, while the highest efficiency of 15.36% occurred at a discharge of 0.03074 m³/s. Increasing the number of blades enables the turbine to capture a larger volume of water in each active blade, increasing the static force acting on the system. This enhances hydraulic-to-mechanical energy conversion, reduces energy losses, increases shaft rotational speed, and ultimately improves power, torque, and efficiency.

Kata kunci

• Blade
• Pitch
• Power
• efficiency