Analisa Tegangan dan Regangan Komposit Serat Fiber Glass Bermatriks Resin Poliester Akibat Beban Impak

Abstrak

A boat hull is the main structure that plays an important role in maintaining stability and strength. However, during operation, boats often experience sudden impacts, such as collisions with rocks or docks. The purpose of this study is to evaluate fiberglass–polyester composite materials under impact loading. Woven reinforcement was selected in this study because it allows more uniform load distribution and better strength in two principal fiber directions, making it suitable for structures requiring multi-directional strength such as boat hulls. This research focuses on variations in woven fiber orientations in composite materials subjected to impact loading. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was employed as the basis of this study using ANSYS Workbench software, with parameters including stress, strain, and impact energy. The boundary conditions were defined with an impactor velocity of 9.81 m/s in the −Y direction, a duration of 0.005 s, a drop height of 50 mm, and an impactor mass of 1.79 kg. The simulation results show that the lowest maximum stress value of 333.98 MPa was obtained for the composite with a fiber orientation of 45°/−45°, 45°/−45°, 45°/−45°, 45°/−45°. The lowest maximum strain value of 0.050 was obtained for the composite with a fiber orientation of 0°/90°, 0°/90°, 0°/90°, 0°/90°. Meanwhile, the highest absorbed impact energy was found in the specimen with a fiber orientation of 45°/−45°, 0°/90°, 0°/90°, 45°/−45°, with an absorbed impact energy of 83,722 mJ. The results of this study indicate that variations in woven fiber orientation significantly affect the strength of composite materials.

Kata kunci

• Fiber Glass
• Impak
• Komposit
• Polyester