Produksi Biodiesel dari Campuran Minyak Goreng Limbah dan Minyak Jarak Pagar Menggunakan Ultrasonik

Abstrak

Increasing greenhouse gas emissions and declining fossil fuel reserves have accelerated the development of biodiesel from renewable feedstocks. Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) and Jatropha curcas Oil (JCO) are promising raw materials; however, the high free fatty acid content of JCO reduces transesterification efficiency. This study optimized ultrasonic-assisted biodiesel production from WCO–JCO blends and evaluated the resulting fuel properties. WCO and JCO were blended at different ratios, followed by esterification with H₂SO₄ and ultrasonic-assisted transesterification using KOH. Reaction time, catalyst concentration, and methanol-to-oil ratio were optimized. Biodiesel quality was evaluated according to ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 standards, while functional groups were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR). The WCO50:JCO50 blend showed the best performance, with optimum conditions at 1.0% KOH, 60% methanol-to-oil ratio, and 15 minutes reaction time, producing a biodiesel yield of 99.32%. FTIR confirmed methyl ester formation, demonstrating the potential of ultrasonic-assisted WCO–JCO conversion for sustainable biodiesel production.

Kata kunci

• Biodiesel
• JCO
• Transesterifikasi
• WCO
• ultrasonik