Perceived Effectiveness of Elumak, Zoom, Google Meet, and WhatsApp in Higher Education Online Learning

Abstrak

Online learning remains embedded in higher education, yet platforms with different functions may produce different learning experiences. This study compared the perceived effectiveness of Elumak, Zoom, Google Meet, and WhatsApp among Information Technology Education students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari. A quantitative comparative design was used. Through purposive sampling, 168 active students were grouped according to the platform they reported using most frequently: Elumak (n = 94), Zoom (n = 21), Google Meet (n = 28), and WhatsApp (n = 25). Perceived effectiveness was measured with a 20-item Likert questionnaire covering ease of use, interaction quality, accessibility and stability, material delivery, student engagement, time and cost efficiency, and user satisfaction. Descriptive statistics, assumption tests, and one-way ANOVA were applied. Mean scores were 76.56 for Elumak, 75.24 for WhatsApp, 74.38 for Zoom, and 73.86 for Google Meet. However, the ANOVA showed no statistically significant difference among groups, F(3,164) = 0.636, p = 0.593, η² = 0.011. Thus, Elumak’s higher mean represents a descriptive pattern rather than statistical superiority. Platform group membership explained approximately 1.1% of score variance, and the unequal group sizes warrant cautious interpretation.

Kata kunci

• Learning management system
• Online Learning
• higher education
• perceived effectiveness
• video conferencing