Representasi Paris Pada Abad Ke-20 dalam Puisi-Puisi Paul Éluard

Abstrak

This study describes the representation of 20th-century Paris in the poetry of Paul Éluard, using Pierre Bourdieu’s sociological approach to literature. A descriptive-qualitative method was used, with a data corpus comprising 15 stanzas from five contemporary poems: Liberté (1942), Courage (1944), Dans Paris (1946), Couvre-feu (1943), and En avril 1944: Paris Respirait Encore. The findings indicate that these five poems reflect Bourdieu’s concepts of social reality—specifically habitus, capital, and field (arena). Paris appears in three primary forms: Paris as a City of Resistance; Paris as a global center of cultural heritage, art, and educational institutions; and Paris as a battleground between artistic and commercial ideologies. Overall, Éluard’s works not only present Paris aesthetically but also capture the social dynamics of its society amidst the turmoil of World War II and the post-war period, viewed through the lens of sociological theory.

Kata kunci

• Paul Éluard
• Pierre Bourdieu
• Representation of Paris
• sociology of literature