Dampak kelangkaan pupuk bersubsidi terhadap produksi dan pendapatan usahatani padi sawah di Kabupaten Kolaka

Abstrak

This study aims to analyze the causes of subsidized fertilizer shortages, farmers’ strategies to cope with these shortages, and their effects on the production and income of lowland rice farmers in Kolaka Regency. The research was conducted in Samaturu District from August to October 2025 and involved 100 lowland rice farmers selected using proportionate random sampling. A descriptive quantitative method was employed. Descriptive analysis was carried out using thematic and narrative approaches, while quantitative analysis applied multiple linear regression with a Cobb–Douglas (log-linear) production function model. The results indicate that subsidized fertilizer shortages are caused by limited distribution, weak supervision, and misuse of fertilizer. Farmers responded to these conditions by using non-subsidized fertilizers, adjusting fertilizer application rates, and utilizing capital loans. The shortage of subsidized fertilizers reduced lowland rice production from 7,959.6 kg per ha to 6,664.9 kg per ha and decreased farmers’ income from IDR30,693,360 to IDR24,554,895. Simultaneously, all variables significantly affected production and income. Partially, land area and fertilizer had a positive effect on production, while seeds and fertilizer shortages had a negative effect, whereas other variables were not significant. Regarding income, land area and the cost of renting rice-harvesting equipment had a positive effect, while seed costs and fertilizer shortages had a negative effect, with other variables showing no significant effect. The shortage of subsidized fertilizers is proven to significantly reduce farmers’ production and income.

Kata kunci

• Income
• lowland rice farming
• production factors
• subsidized fertilizer shortage